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"Aji Saka (born in Malang, East Java February 23, 1991) is an Indonesian footballer, currently plays for Gresik United. External links * Category:Indonesian footballers Category:Living people Category:1991 births Category:Sportspeople from Malang Category:Arema F.C. players Category:PSS Sleman players Category:Madura United F.C. players Category:Gresik United players Category:Indonesian Premier League players Category:Liga 1 (Indonesia) players Category:Association football goalkeepers id:Aji Saka "
"The Universitas Mulawarman is a public university located in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. It was established on September 27, 1962, making it the oldest tertiary education institution in East Kalimantan. With more than 35,000 students, Universitas Mulawarman is the university with the most students in Kalimantan. Its main campus is in Gunung Kelua, while other campuses are in Pahlawan Road, Banggeris Street and Flores Street of Samarinda. History The name Mulawarman was taken from the king Mulawarman Nala Dewa of the Kutai Kingdom in 4th century, historically the earliest kingdom in Indonesia, located in East Kalimantan. Beginnings On June 6, 1962 the Governor of East Kalimantan Province, Aji Pangeran Tumenggung Pranoto, founded Perguruan Tinggi Mulawarman (Mulawarman College), located in Samarinda.Governor of East Kalimantan Decree Number 15/PPK/KDH/1962 Then the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture approved the establishment as Universitas Mulawarman on September 28, 1962Ministry of Education and Culture Decree Number 130/1962 and officially confirmed by the President on April 23, 1963.Presidential Decree Number 65/1963 The date of September 27, 1962 was set as the date of the founding of the Universitas Mulawarman. At first the Universitas Mulawarman had four faculties: Faculty of State and Trade Administration, Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Forestry and Faculty of Mining in Balikpapan. Only the Faculty of State and Trade Administration could be started at the opening in 1962, the Faculty of Agriculture followed in 1964. In 1966, the Faculty of State and Trade Administration was split into the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences and Faculty of Economics. 1970s-1980s Due to difficulty to find teaching staff, the Faculty of Mining, in Balikpapan, was closed in 1970. In 1978, the Samarinda Teaching and Education Sciences Institute was integrated into Universitas Mulawarman as the Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences on March 20.Ministry of Education and Culture, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 181/D/E/1978 Thus since September 7, 1982, there were five faculties in Universitas Mulawarman:Presidential Decree Number 66/1982 Faculty of Agriculture, Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Forestry, Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences, and Faculty of Social and Political Sciences. On December 3, 1985 Universitas Mulawarman Polytechnic was established.Ministry of Education and Culture, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 80/Dikti/Kep/1985 1990s-2000s Since the 1990s, Universitas Mulawarman established new faculties: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences in 1996,Ministry of Education and Culture, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 229/Dikti/Kep/1996Ministry of National Education Decree Number 237/0/2000 Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences in 2001,Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 2811/D/T/2001 and 109/DT/2006 Faculty of Medicine in 2001,Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 2083/D/T/2001 and 231/DT/2008 Faculty of Law in 2005,Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 2296/D/T/2005 and 194/DT/2005 Faculty of Public Health in 2005,Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 2005/D/T/2005 and 230/DT/2008 Faculty of Engineering in 2007,Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 1192/D/T/2003 and 397/DT/2007 Faculty of Pharmacy in 2008,Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 4692/D/T/2008Universitas Mulawarman Rector Decree Number 03/DT/2009 and Faculty of Cultural Studies in 2009.Ministry of National Education, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 1521/D/T/2009 On April 28, 1997, Universitas Mulawarman Polytechnic was formed into Samarinda State Polytechnic, separated from Universitas Mulawarman.Ministry of Education and Culture, Directorate General of Higher Education Decree Number 86/O/1997 2010s onwards In 2010, the university established the Faculty of Information and Communication Technology. Ministry of National Education Decree Number 28/D/O/2010 Universitas Mulawarman rector is Prof. Dr. H. Zamruddin Hasid, S.E. since 2010. Zulkifli D., 2010. Unmul Miliki Rektor Baru, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, accessed Jan 17, 2012 Schools The university has several courses in 15 faculties and program: First Vice Rector of Universitas Mulawaman, 2010. Status Akreditasi and Program Studi, Universitas Mulawarman {valign="top"* Faculty of Agriculture # Agribusiness (Bachelor's degree) # Agricultural technology (Bachelor's degree) # Agrotechnology (Bachelor's degree) # Animal husbandry (Bachelor's degree) # Plant cultivation (Diploma) * Faculty of Cultural Studies # English literature (Bachelor's degree) # Indonesian literature (Bachelor's degree) # Ethnomusicology (Bachelor's degree) * Faculty of Economics # Accounting (Diploma, Bachelor's degree, and professional degree) # Economics Development (Bachelor's degree) # Management (Bachelor's degree and master's degree) # Islamic Economics (Bachelor's degree) * Faculty of Engineering # Chemical engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Civil engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Environmental engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Mining engineering (Diploma and bachelor's degree) # Industrial engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Electronic engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Mechanical engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Architecture (Bachelor's degree) # Geological engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Petro and Oleo Chemistry (Diploma) # Survey and Mapping (Diploma) * Faculty of Fishery and Marine Sciences # Aquaculture (Bachelor's degree) # Water resource management (Bachelor's degree) # Fishery agribusiness (Bachelor's degree) * Faculty of Forestry # Forestry (Bachelor's degree, Master's degree and Doctoral degree) * Faculty of Technology Information and Computer Sciences # Computer engineering (Bachelor's degree) # Computer Sciences (Bachelor's degree) * Faculty of Law # Law (Bachelor's degree and master's degree) * Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences # Biology (Bachelor's degree) # Chemistry (Bachelor's degree and master's degree) # Physics (Bachelor's degree) # Geophysics (Bachelor's degree) # Statistics (Bachelor's degree) # Mathematics (Bachelor's degree) *Faculty of Medicine # Medicine (Bachelor and professional degree) # Dentistry (Bachelor's degree and Professional degree) # Nursing (Diploma * Faculty of Pharmacy # Pharmacy (Diploma, Bachelor's degree and Professional degree) * Faculty of Public Health # Public Health (Bachelor's degree) |width="50"valign="top"* Faculty of Social and Political Sciences # Communication (Bachelor's degree) # Governmental sciences (Bachelor's degree) # International relationship (Bachelor's degree) # Office administration (Diploma) # Psychology (Bachelor's degree) # Secretary (Diploma) # Sociatry (Bachelor's degree) # State administration (Bachelor's degree) # Tourism (Diploma) # Trade administration (Diploma and bachelor's degree) * Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences # Biology education (Bachelor's degree) # Chemistry education (Bachelor's degree) # Civics education (Bachelor's degree) # Computer education (Bachelor's degree) # Education counselling (Bachelor's degree) # Early childhood education (Bachelor's degree) # Economics education (Bachelor's degree) # Elementary education (Bachelor's degree) # English education (Bachelor's degree) # Indonesian and regional language-literature (Bachelor's degree) # Mathematics education (Bachelor's degree) # Outschooling education (Bachelor's degree) # Physical and health education (Bachelor's degree) # Physics education (Bachelor's degree) # Teaching (Professional degree) * Postgraduate Program # Environmental sciences (Master's degree) |} Campuses There are four campuses of Universitas Mulawarman: * Gunung Kelua campus is the main campus, located in Gunung Kelua area, Samarinda, where most of the faculties, administrative office and student services can be found. Its main entrance is on Muhammad Yamin road. Public transport is the Angkutan Kota route C. * Pahlawan campus is on Harmonika street (crossing the Pahlawan road), Samarinda. It is the location for Education for Language Sciences Studies of the Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences. Public transport is Angkutan Kota route A, B and C. * Banggeris campus is on Banggeris street, Samarinda, near the Islamic Center. The Education for Social Sciences Studies of the Faculty of Teaching and Education Sciences is here. Public transport is Angkutan Kota route A. * Flores campus is on Flores street, Samarinda, near the city center. It is the location of the Faculty of Cultural Sciences, the Economics Studies postgraduate programs and the Language Center. It was the first main campus of Universitas Mulawarman. Public transport is Angkutan Kota route B. Some faculties also has other teaching locations: * The program of Integrated Governmental Sciences of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences in Kalian street. * Abdul Wahab Sjahranie General Hospital as the teaching hospital for the Faculty of Medicine. * Laboratories of the Faculty of Forestry in Samboja, Bukit Soeharto and Tanahmerah. * Laboratories of the Faculty of Agriculture in Telukdalam and Berambah. Facilities and services Most facilities and services available to support the student are located in the main campus of Gunung Kelua, such as auditorium, banks and ATMs (Bank Negara Indonesia, Bank Muamalat, Bank Tabungan Negara, Bank Kaltim and Bank Mandiri), clinic of the Faculty of Medicine, guest house, Language Center (in Flores campus), library, mosque of Al-Fatihah, radio Metro Mulawarman, security, sport facilities: Kurusetra football field, September 27 Sport Hall, including badminton, basketball, tennis, and volleyball courts, and also wall climbs and jogging track, student accommodation, Student Activity Center and Student Co-op. Technical Operational Units Several services are managed under technical operational units: Academics Development Center (for teaching capacity improvement), Bukit Soeharto Research and Education Forest in Kutai Kartanegara and North Penajam Paser, Business Management Development, Center for Social Forestry,Center for Social Forestry, 2010. Organizational Profile, accessed Jan 30, 2012 Computer Center, Distance Learning Unit, Fundamental Science Laboratory, Language Center (in Flores campus, providing courses of foreign language, especially English), Library of Universitas Mulawarman (with more than 90,000 titles), Personality Development Unit, Quality Assurance, and Universitas Mulawarman Samarinda Botanical Garden in North Samarinda. Student activities The highest organizational body for students is the Students Executive Board. The organization is led by an elected president, who runs the office with help from a vice president, a Secretary General, a Treasurer and several Ministries. The Board is responsible to the Students Representative Council, the highest student legislative organization in the university. There are several students activity unit, such as: (Music) Band, Football, IMAPA (environmental preservation, adventuring, forest mountaineering, rock climbing, and rafting), Journalism, KBMK (Christian religious activities) KSR (volunteering, in cooperation with the Indonesian Red Cross), PUSDIMA (Islamic dakwah center), PSM (university student choir), Pramuka (scouting), Softball, Taekwondo and Yupa Theater. Many student activities are maintained in the Student Activity Center. Institutes Research Institute The Research Institute of Universitas Mulawarman is the backbone of the science and technology development in Kalimantan. The institute is an independent unit which coordinates, evaluates, monitors, and assesses the research activities which are carried out by the university research centers and staff. The research centers in the institute are: * Environmental research center * Gender research center * Humanity studies research center * Natural resources research center * Regional development research center * Tropical rainforest research center Community Service Institute The Community Service Institute is a place to implement science and technological invention from research into the community. The development centers in the institute are: * Assessment, action and development of regional potential center * Community education center * Community empowerment and internship center * Small and medium scale trade and entrepreneurship development center * Technology and research implementation center Admissions There are several ways of admission: * SNMPTN (National Selection for University Entrance), through Selected Invitation path or National Examination path for undergraduate program SNMPTN, accessed Jan 17, 2012 * SMMPTN (Independent Selection for University Entrance), through university Independent Examination for undergraduate program * Independent selection for postgraduate program Scholarships Scholarships for students include: * Award from the Ministry of Education and Culture ** Bidik Misi Award, given for selected first-year students, in coordination with the selection for university entrance. Ministry of Education and Culture, Directorate General of Higher Education, Program Bantuan Biaya Pendidikan Bidik Misi, accessed Jan 17, 2012 ** BBM Award and PPA Award, given for selected second-year students. Ministry of Education and Culture, Directorate General of Higher Education, Program Beasiswa PPA dan BBM, accessed Jan 17, 2012 ** Darmasiswa Scholarship Program for international students who want to study Indonesian language and culture.Ministry of Education and Culture, Darmasiswa Scholarship Program , accessed Jan 17, 2012 * Kaltim Cemerlang Award from the Government of East Kalimantan.Government of East Kalimantan Province, Beasiswa Kaltim Cemerlang, accessed Jan 17, 2012 * Other scholarships given from many regional governments, corporates and foundations. BAPKSI Universitas Mulawarman, 2011. Laporan Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah 2010, Universitas Mulawarman Awards Webometrics Ranking of World Universities in 2011 placed Universitas Mulawarman 8571st in the world and 86th in Indonesia.Webometrics Ranking Web of World Universities 2011, accessed Jan 17, 2012 "4International Colleges and Universities" in 2012 ranked Universitas Mulawarman 5000th in the world and 50th in Indonesia.4International Colleges and Universities 2012, accessed Jan 17, 2012 External links * Universitas Mulawarman official site * Universitas Mulawarman Research Institute * Universitas Mulawarman Community Service Institute * Sulaiman, N., 2008. A haven for education: Mulawarman University, The Jakarta Post Footnotes Category:Universities in Indonesia Category:Educational institutions established in 1962 Category:Universities in East Kalimantan Category:Indonesian state universities "
"neo-Riemannian Tonnetz, pitches are connected by lines if they are separated by minor third (/), major third (\\), or perfect fifth (-). A lattice in the Euclidean plane. In musical tuning, a lattice "is a way of modeling the tuning relationships of a just intonation system. It is an array of points in a periodic multidimensional pattern. Each point on the lattice corresponds to a ratio (i.e., a pitch, or an interval with respect to some other point on the lattice). The lattice can be two-, three-, or n-dimensional, with each dimension corresponding to a different prime-number partial ."Gilmore, Bob (2006). "Introduction", p.xviii, "Maximum Clarity" and Other Writings on Music, edited by Bob Gilmore. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. . When listed in a spreadsheet a lattice may be referred to as a tuning table. The points in a lattice represent pitch classes (or pitches if octaves are represented), and the connectors in a lattice represent the intervals between them. The connecting lines in a lattice display intervals as vectors, so that a line of the same length and angle always has the same intervalic relationship between the points it connects, no matter where it occurs in the lattice. Repeatedly adding the same vector (repeatedly stacking the same interval) moves you further in the same direction. Lattices in just intonation (limited to intervals comprising primes, their powers, and their products) are theoretically infinite (because no power of any prime equals any power of another prime). However, lattices are sometimes also used to notate limited subsets that are particularly interesting (such as an Eikosany illustrated further below or the various ways to extract particular scale shapes from a larger lattice). Examples of musical lattices include the Tonnetz of Euler (1739) and Hugo Riemann and the tuning systems of Ben Johnston. Musical intervals in just intonation are related to those in equal tuning by Adriaan Fokker's Fokker periodicity blocks. Many multi-dimensional higher-limit tunings have been mapped by Erv Wilson. The limit is the highest prime number used in the ratios that define the intervals used by a tuning. Thus Pythagorean tuning, which uses only the perfect fifth (3/2) and octave (2/1) and their multiples (powers of 2 and 3), is represented through a two- dimensional lattice (or, given octave equivalence, a single dimension), while standard (5-limit) just intonation, which adds the use of the just major third (5/4), may be represented through a three-dimensional lattice though "a twelve-note 'chromatic' scale may be represented as a two-dimensional (3,5) projection plane within the three-dimensional (2,3,5) space needed to map the scale. (Octave equivalents would appear on an axis at right angles to the other two, but this arrangement is not really necessary graphically.)". In other words, the circle of fifths on one dimension and a series of major thirds on those fifths in the second (horizontal and vertical), with the option of imagining depth to model octaves: 5-limit A----E----B----F#+ 5/3-- 5/4-15/8-45/32 F----C----G----D = 4/3--1/1--3/2--9/8 (Db—)-Ab-—-Eb—--Bb 16/15-8/5--6/5--9/5 Wilson template for mapping higher limit systems A lattice showing Erv Wilson's Eikosany structure. This template can be used with any 6 ratios Erv Wilson has made significant headway with developing lattices than can represent higher limit harmonics, meaning more than 2 dimensions, while displaying them in 2 dimensions. Here is a template he used to generate what he called an "Euler" lattice after where he drew his inspiration. Each prime harmonic (each vector representing a ratio of 1/n or n/1 where n is a prime) has a unique spacing, avoiding clashes even when generating lattices of multidimensional, harmonically based structure. Wilson would commonly use 10-squares-to-the-inch graph paper. That way, he had room to notate both ratios and often the scale degree, which explains why he didn't use a template where all the numbers where divided by 2. The scale degree always followed a period or dot to separate it from the ratios. Examples: *One dimensional **Pythagorean tuning (3/2) **Musical temperaments including equal temperament (12-tone equal temperament = 2 (or 2), 24-tet = 2, quarter-comma meantone = \sqrt[5]{4}) *Two dimensional **5-limit just intonation (3/2 and 5/4) **833 cents scale (\varphi and 3/2) *Three dimensional **7-limit just intonation (3/2, 5/4, and 7/4) See also *Tonality diamond Notes Sources Further reading *Johnston, Ben (2006). "Rational Structure in Music", "Maximum Clarity" and Other Writings on Music, edited by Bob Gilmore. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. . External links *The Wilson Archives, contains numerous examples Category:Pitch space Category:Music diagrams "